Professor Claire Smith
Bio
Professor Claire Smith is an archaeologist with the College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences at Flinders University, South Australia. While her theoretical focus is symbolic communication, she has a broad intellectual vision and inter-disciplinary approach. She has undertaken collaborative projects with scholars from cultural studies, history, Indigenous studies, Indonesian studies, philosophy, anthropology and theology. While she conducts occasional fieldwork with Indigenous groups in Asia and North America, Claire Smith’s primary research is with Indigenous Australia. She has worked with the Barunga community, Northern Territory, since 1990 and with Ngadjuri people, South Australia, since 1998. In 2018, the Royal Anthropological Institute awarded Claire Smith the Lucy Mair Medal and Marsh Award, for sustained research with Australian Aboriginal communities that has contributed to human dignity. Claire Smith’s publications include more than 80 articles, eight authored books and six edited books, including the 11-volume Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology (Springer 2014). Her current book, with Koji Mizoguchi, is Global Social Archaeologies: Making a Difference in a World of Strangers (Routledge 2019). She is the immediate past president of the World Archaeological Congress. Read more here.
DAY 1
PAPER 1
Dr. Caleb A. Folorunso
Bio
Caleb Adebayo Folorunso is a professor of Archaeology at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. He was for many years and at different periods between 1995 and 2010 the Head of the Department of Archaeology and Anthropology. He first studied at University of Ibadan where he gained Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Archaeology in 1979 and 1981 respectively. He took a PhD in Archaeology at the Unversite Paris 1, Sorbonne Pantheon, France in 1989. He speaks and understands in order of proficiency Yoruba (Nigerian), Twi (Ghanaian), English and French languages. His research interests and teaching experience had been in ethnoarchaeology, historical archaeology and cultural resource management. He has published on subjects of heritage studies in Africa with particular attention to West Africa and Nigeria. His recent publications include: “The Challenges of the Preservation of Archaeological Heritage in West Africa” in Ndoro, W., Chirikure, S. & Deacon J. (eds.) Managing Heritage in Africa. Who Cares? Routledge. Taylor and Francis Group, 2017: 22 – 33. “Heritage in Danger: Armed Conflict in West Africa and the Blue Shield Approach”. Anthropology and Ethnology Open Access Journal, 2019. “Research Notes on the Plundering of Tangible Heritage Resources in Nigeria”. Anthropology and Ethnology Open Access Journal, 2020. He also consults on archaeological impact studies and has a registered company in Nigeria, the Caleb Adebayo Services. He had been active in international archaeological associations, was secretary of the West African Archaeological Association, was West Africa region senior representative on the Council of World Archaeological Congress (WAC) and also Vice President of WAC. He had at one time or the other participated at the Conferences/meetings of the International Blue Shield. He is member of Advisory Boards and Editorial Boards of several international journals and series publications. He is a fellow of Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, UK and fellow of the Archaeological Association of Nigeria.
Abstract
Globalization and Cultural Heritage Management in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Nigeria.
Globalization is conceived as a process with sufficient length of history in Africa, had impacted African cultures in the past and therefore produced its own heritage on African soils and now impacting on the totality of heritage in Africa. The impact of globalization on the management of cultural heritage had more than double in modern times with the free movements of international capital and expertise to build infrastructures in Africa with the resultant destruction of cultural heritage resources with abandoned neglect. Equally, the continued insatiable demands for African art objects from the international antiquity markets had been responsible for the looting and destruction of archaeological and historic sites as the trafficking of cultural materials held in museums. We shall assess the effectiveness and the problems of the measures and policies put in place by global organizations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the World Bank to protect cultural heritage worldwide as they affect Africa, and make suggestions on how to advance the protection of the African cultural heritage in a globalized world.
Keywords: Globalization, Cultural Heritage, Cultural Heritage Management
PAPER 2
Arlene K. Fleming
Bio
Arlene K. Fleming has advanced degrees in archaeology and telecommunications. For 25 years, she has developed projects focused on bringing new financial resources, technologies and approaches to cultural heritage conservation and management for social and economic development. At the World Bank, Ms. Fleming has participated in creating investment projects for cultural heritage in Turkey, Lebanon, Tunisia, Morocco, China and Eritrea. Her responsibilities also included re-formulating the Bank’s policy for safeguarding cultural heritage through the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process, and she has advised and trained Bank staff and client country officials in policy compliance. She has written and lectured on various aspects of cultural heritage conservation including international standards for protecting cultural assets during infrastructure development, changing climate and weather conditions, armed conflict, occupation, migration and reconstruction. Ms. Fleming has participated in cultural and natural heritage conservation and training projects sponsored by numerous organizations including the World Monuments Fund, the Getty Conservation Institute, and UNESCO.
Abstract
Safeguarding Cultural Heritage: Policies and Standards of the World Bank Group.
The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC) – two organizations within the World Bank Group – have years of experience in formulating and implementing policies for safeguarding cultural heritage in general, as well as specifically for Indigenous Peoples. The policies have been revised during the past decade in accordance with the experience of these two financial institutions and the countries that borrow from them. Laws, regulations and practices of borrowing countries have been considered and extensive consultation conducted among countries as well as with non-governmental and civil society organizations. This experience and the rationale for policy revision will provide insights and guidance in creating the model for safeguarding cultural heritage within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals as envisioned by the symposium on Cultural Heritage as a Driver for Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The safeguard policies of the World Bank and the IFC continue to influence those of regional development banks, as well as over 100 commercial banks that have voluntarily adopted the IFC policies within the ‘Equator Principles’ framework. This presentation will summarize the provisions of Standard 7 – Indigenous Peoples and Standard 8 – Cultural Heritage, as elements in the Environmental and Social Framework of the World Bank and of the IFC. Examples from specific development projects to illustrate compliance with the banks’ policies and standards and the relationship to particular SDGs will provide detail and stimulate discussion among participants in the Symposium and members of the public in attendance.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Policies and Standards, World Bank Group
PAPER 3
Stephen Stead
Bio
He was a founder member of CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Special Interest Group (CRM-SIG). He has worked on the CRM since 2000 and is one of the editing team that guided the standard through the ISO standardization process. He has delivered tutorials on the CRM in more than a dozen countries, including Korea, Brazil, Greece, Russia, and the USA. He is a graduate in Archaeological Science from the Institute of Archaeology, University of London and has worked as an independent consultant in the Heritage sector since 1991. He is a visiting lecturer at the University of Southampton and the University of Kent at Canterbury. He has served on the CIDOC Board since 2001 and on the International Steering Committee of the Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology Conference (CAA) since 1989. He is also active in the FRBR harmonization process.
He has worked on Heritage sector data analysis and design for over 20 years and has a number of designs in common use. These include the Integrated Archaeological DataBase (IADB), The Record of Scheduled Monuments (RSM), the exeGesIS HBSMR (Historic Buildings, Sites and Monuments Record), the British and Irish Archaeological Bibliography (BIAB) and the CIDOC International Core Data Standard for Archaeological and Architectural Heritage.
Abstract
Documentation and Sustainable Cultural Tourism.
A European definition of sustainable cultural tourism is “the integrated management of cultural heritage and tourism activities in conjunction with the local community creating social, environmental and economic benefits for all stakeholders, to achieve tangible and intangible cultural heritage conservation and sustainable tourism development”. This presents curators of material and immaterial cultural heritage with a number of key areas where documentation is of paramount importance. The first of these is the understanding of the context of the Cultural Heritage itself. This will typically have been gleaned from a palimpsest of different investigations through time. The aggregation of the outcome of this rich legacy of technique and approach requires a rich semantic glue that will enable them to be woven into a compelling story for both locals and visitors. Secondly, the monitoring and conservation of extant Cultural Heritage resources must be conducted so that appropriate interventions can be undertaken when the inevitable impact of entropy is detected. It may even be that there are unintended impacts on the fabric of the monuments and sites themselves from activities far removed from them. In addition, the interventions themselves must be accurately recorded to allow future generations to understand how, and why, they were undertaken. Thirdly, even the most sustainable and non-intrusive of approaches will require some development work. Any Cultural Heritage assets that are impacted by this work must be thoroughly documented before, during and after the works are undertaken. This might be in the form of traditional archaeological interventions, built heritage surveys or even oral history recording projects. A fourth area is the documentation of immaterial cultural practice, for instance dance, street theatre and other performances. These Cultural Practices are often a dynamic reflection of society and should not be straight-jacketed into becoming fossilized versions of some previous social construct. However, older versions of these practices are themselves interesting and worthy of inclusion in the story for local and visitor alike. This paper explores the necessity of providing robust documentation practice as a cornerstone of sustainable cultural tourism and suggests that current best practice is ready to handle the challenges.
Keywords: Sustainability, Sustainable Tourism, Cultural Tourism, Europe
PAPER 4
Dr. Herman Kiriama
Abstract
Sustainable heritage Management: A model from Kenya.
This paper will present the application of sustainable heritage management as practiced in Kenya. It will also present the challenges faced and how these have been tackled. The paper will present a new concept known as sustainable heritage; this where both the heritage and community ‘work’ together to ensure the survival of each other. In other words heritage as a role to play in sustainable community development and also the community has a role to play in ensuring the sustainable preservation and conservation of heritage. It is hoped that this concept will be inspire policy makers to increase resource allocation to heritage management and conservation.
Keywords: Heritage, Heritage Management, Sustainability, Kenya
PAPER 5
Jimena Escobar Sotomayor
Bio
She is a digital humanist and information architect with studies in psychology, photography, object-oriented programming, and interaction design. She has more than 18 years dedicated to the research and implementation of new technologies for the development of digital systems and applications for educational and cultural purposes.
She is currently in charge of the Media Library of the National Institute of Anthropology and History, in charge of the design and development of digital strategies for the preservation and dissemination of the historical and cultural heritage of Mexico. At the same time, she participates in various study groups such as the permanent seminar Metadata for Mexican cultural heritage of the Institute of Aesthetic Research of the UNAM and the Digital Preservation Group of the Institute of Bibliographic Research of the UNAM and the Digital Humanities Network of Mexico.
Abstract
INAH places. A tool to know, value and protect the historical and cultural heritage of Mexico. Lugares INAH.
In accordance with the UNESCO Memory of the World and Open Access to Information initiatives, and with the objective of socializing and democratizing the historical and cultural heritage of Mexico under its protection, the National Institute of Anthropology and History of Mexico has worked in strategies for the conformation and dissemination of its digital heritage. An example of this is the ecosystem of interoperable digital repositories Mediateca INAH, within which the INAH Places platform is located: a project whose main objective is to involve society in the protection of the historical heritage of Mexico facilitating its understanding, assessment and finally appropriation, and thus, promote a cultural tourism that you enjoy and respect. Places INAH is a bilingual web portal made up of multiple databases and multimedia files that dynamically builds a detailed microsite site and enriched with sketches, images and articles created by specialist researchers for each of the Institute’s museums (more than 130) and areas archaeological open to the public (more than 190), and at the same time allows a panoramic appreciation of the quantity, variety and extent of this heritage through cross-sectional catalogs of pieces and temporary exhibitions.
Keywords: Historical Heritage, Cultural Heritage, Heritage Protection, México
PAPER 6
Dr. Ranjan Datta
Bio
Dr. Ranjan Datta is a color settler in Canada. Currently he is living and working on the traditional territories of the homelands of the Niitsitapi (the Siksika, Kainai, and Piikani nations), the Îyârhe Nakoda, and the Tsuut’ina. Ranjan is serving as a Canada Research Chair in Community Disaster Research at Indigenous Studies in the Department of Humanities at Mount Royal University, Alberta, Canada. Ranjan’s current research interests include Indigenous land-water rights, responsibilities for decolonization and reconciliation, community disaster research, and community-led climate change solutions. His recent edited book, Indigenous Reconciliation and Decolonization: Responsibility, Social Justice and Community Engagement published with Routledge.
Abstract
Ongoing Colonization and Indigenous Environmental Heritage Rights: An Experience with Cree First Nation Communities, Saskatchewan, Canada.
It is undeniable that the global environmental crisis disproportionally affects individuals and communities, particularly Indigenous communities, are among those most deeply affected. The history of colonialism is a history of the dispossession of Indigenous peoples of the lands that they and their ancestors had inhabited and cared for, and of the imposition on them of destructive ‘development’ policies. This study addresses the ongoing environmental heritage conflict between the Cree First Nation communities’ traditional environmental management practices and provincial development projects in Saskatchewan, Canada. Drawing from a relational theoretical framework, this study shows how governments control Indigenous land, water, and management practices through development projects (i.e., Oil and Diamond mining projects). Following a relational theoretical framework, this study asks: Why and how do governments neglect Indigenous heritage rights, particularly environmental heritage rights? What can be and is being done about it? How can we move toward a more rights-based approach to heritage management? To foster Indigenous environmental heritage rights, this study suggests traditional knowledge-based management solutions to the ongoing challenges of incorporating Indigenous interests into environmental land-water management and heritage.
Keywords: Colonization, Indigenous Environmental Heritage Rights, Heritage Management, Canada
PAPER 7
Dr. Eric Larson
Bio
Eric C. Larson, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Department of Rural Studies at Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College. He is also a co-owner of the applied social science research consulting company PEER Social Science. Dr. Larson received his PhD in Rural Sociology and the Human Dimensions of Natural Resources and the Environment in 2016 from the Pennsylvania State University. His research focuses on understanding and addressing natural resource, environmental, and development issues in rural communities. His teaching focuses on bridging academic and practical experiences to promote real world skill and knowledge application to develop competent rural community leaders and developers.
Bruce Green
Bio
A native of Valdosta, Georgia, USA Bruce received his BS degree in biology from Valdosta State University and did Masters work in Secondary Education; At the age of 25 he served as a city councilman in the city of Remerton, Georgia and while teaching Biology in high school he restored a 1906 Victorian house in Valdosta where he also served as President of the Valdosta Heritage Foundation. Thereafter, he served as Main Street Manager in the City of Tifton, Georgia where he coordinated a very successful downtown revitalization program for over eight years, which eventually led to Tifton being recognized as one of the Best Small Towns in America. Bruce then moved to Atlanta to work as the Director of the Office of Downtown Development with the Georgia Municipal Association. Following work at GMA Bruce served as the Director of Communications, Research and Rural Development with the Georgia Department of Community Affairs. Bruce later served as the Director of Tourism Product Development with the Georgia Department of Economic Development where he worked with local governments, private corporations and non-profits across the state of Georgia to increase investment in and development of new tourism product.
In October 2009, the Tourism Product Development Office created a new initiative to focus technical assistance in the form of a reconnaissance and strategy visit to a local community interested in developing its tourism potential. In March 2010, the City of Quitman in Brooks County was the first community to receive a Resource Team visit from the Georgia Tourism Division’s Product Development Office of the Georgia Department of Economic Development. During a Resource Team visit, the team members work in conjunction with local leadership and assess the portfolio of tourism related assets within the community relevant to the areas of cultural and heritage tourism, historic preservation, agritourism, community development and rural development. The Resource Team’s objectives include inventorying and discussing those assets that are the most likely candidates for developing a tourism based economy in a community, as well as identifying obstacles that might impede the implementation of such an effort.
Jared Roach
Bio
Jared Roach is a student at Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College and is currently pursuing bachelor’s degrees in both Sociology and Political Science. Mr. Roach is currently working on his undergraduate thesis which explores how the recent resurgence of populist politics has influenced students’ political identities. He is looking forward to graduating in the Spring. After graduating, he plans to go on to graduate school to further his education and obtain a PhD in Political Sociology.
Abstract
Gathering cultural capital: student community engagement and sustainable community development.
Engaging students in the community is an effective way to provide active and applied learning opportunities. Community engagement approaches allow students the opportunity to be a force for good in the community, while still engaging them in learning activities. Using community engagement methods, as well as the Community Capitals Framework, students participated in a project that brought multiple stakeholders together for a Cultural Resource Collection in the South Tifton, Georgia area. Students met with residents of the South Tifton Neighborhood to extract and record stories, memoirs, photographs and other documents that tell the story of the predominately African American community. The collected resources show the area’s unique and rich cultural history and serve as evidence of the cultural capital available to the community. South Tifton residents, the local government, and other stakeholders will access this capital to pursue funding and other financial capital that support sustainable development opportunities. This project allowed South Tifton residents the opportunity to have a voice in the development process and to protect their cultural heritage.
Keywords: Cultural Capital, Sustainability, Community, Education, Engagement
PAPER 8
Dr. Ryan Rowberry
Bio
Ryan Rowberry, associate professor of law, is the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and the co-director for the Center for the Comparative Study of Metropolitan Growth at the Georgia State University College of Law. Rowberry teaches Property Law, Natural Resources Law, Environmental Law and Anglo-American Legal History. His research focuses on contemporary legal issues involving cultural and historic resources, and on the medieval common law judiciary.
Rowberry’s articles have appeared in numerous domestic and international law journals, with some articles being translated into Spanish, Turkish and Polish. He also is the co-author of two books: Historic Preservation Law in a Nutshell, a groundbreaking resource that provides the first in-depth summary of historic preservation law within its local, state, tribal, federal and international contexts; and Land Use Planning and Development Law, one of the leading land use treatises in the United States.
Rowberry was selected as a Fulbright scholar to Denmark (2018), where he studied legal frameworks for protecting coastal cultural heritage in the era of climate change. He was also tapped by the Organization of American States (a regional organization of 35 independent countries in the Americas) to assist 13 Caribbean nations with reforming their cultural heritage laws.
Rowberry graduated from Harvard Law School, where he was an Islamic Legal Studies Fellow, a Cravath International Fellow, and received the Irving Oberman Award in Legal History. Following graduation, I have practiced environmental and natural resources law at HoganLovells in Washington, DC. Before joining the College of Law, Rowberry was a U.S. Supreme Court Fellow, during which he collaborated with foreign judges and academics on judicial independence and rule-of-law matters.
Prior to attending law school, Rowberry worked as a historian and an educator. I have transcribed and collated all extant medieval manuscripts for three of Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. He also taught seventh grade at a charter school and lectured in English and History at Peking University in Beijing, China. He holds a B.A. in English from Brigham Young University and was selected as a Rhodes Scholar (1999). At Oxford University, I have earned an M.Sc. in comparative education policy and a M.St. in medieval British history.
Apolo Liu
Callie A. Knight
Skyler D. Steckler
Abstract
Expanding the Orbit of Arqueologos sin Fronteras Del Mundo Maya: Partnering with a United States Non-Profit Entity .
This presentation (and subsequent paper) will examine the necessity of creating a partner non-profit in the United States to assist in the mission of the Arqueologos Sin Fronteras del Mundo Maya. First, we will outline a step-by-step technical process for creating a non-profit in Georgia, United States. This includes information on the following: (1) the incorporation process, (2) business entity structures, (3) tax exempt status, (4) state and federal permitting and annual compliance requirements, and (5) other legal considerations. We will also address the procedure for affiliating United States non-profits with Mexican non-profits like Arqueologos sin Fronteras del Mundo Maya. Finally, we lay out a framework for creating our proposed Mexico-United States non-profit partnership.
Keywords: Arqueólogos sin Fronteras Del Mundo Maya, Mexico-United States non-profit partnership.
PAPER 9
Dr. Lilia Lizama
Bio
She is currently serving as an Educator at the Department of World Languages in Fulton County, Georgia, and current Senior Representative for the Caribbean and Central American countries at the World Archaeological Congress. She aspires to be a Professor in a department that is closely related to the field of cultural sciences from Middle level to university level. She specializes in archaeological and anthropological planning, management and best practice in archaeological conservation.
She is a firm believer of interdisciplinary research and the cooperation between academic communities. Over the last years, she has gained international experience by interacting with scholars and collaborating with universities, organizations and institutions from different parts of the world in research projects, conferences, symposiums and workshops in countries like Mexico, the USA, Canada, England, Estonia, Ireland, Japan and Jordan. Currently, she is working with several universities in Yucatan to come up with the best curricula for archaeological conservation and management studies and sustainable tourism practices.
Abstract
Analysis and identification of sustainable public policy for the administration of cultural and natural heritage in the Mayan Region.
Laureno Gonzalez
He is an industrial engineer, his experience has been in the development of projects, with a strategic vision of analysis, planning and implementation of strategies to achieve specific objectives. I came to Cancun to work with Nacional Financiera in 1988 with the creation of Cancun. He has experience in the creation, branching, promotion and sale of new companies since 1980. He was the director of operation of the administration, traffic arrival or cabotage ports of Cozumel, Calica, Playa del Carmen, Puerto Morelos and Isla Mujeres and is the director of the board of directors of the Fauna, Flora y Litoral Foundation and GOAL Shipping.
Christian Alpuche
He has a Law Degree with a specialty in international law from the Universidad de las Américas, Puebla, UDLAP. He is a Corporate Lawyer, Litigator and Public Policy Consultant, specialist in Economic Law, Public Private Associations, Economic Competition and Economic Human Rights since 2001. He completed three Master’s Degrees, one in Social Economy from the University of Barcelona, one in Digital International Business from the Pompeu Fraba University in Barcelona, and the last one is in the Public Administration process from the Anahuac-Mayab University.
He has been Director of Labor-Employer Affairs of the Secretary of Government of the State of Quintana Roo from March 2017-August 2018. He is General Director of Grupo Invest and Chairman of the Shareholders’ Council since 2002.
He has been a University Professor in the areas of Public Law, Economics and Public Policy since 2004. Since 2010 he is a Lecturer on topics of integral economic development.
He is the Author of The Right to Wealth (Ed. Alianza PADDEC A.C. 2017), and Author of The Economic Promotion of Capital (Ed. Alianza PADDEC A.C. 2018)
Abstract
The present study analyses and identifies suitable sustainable public policy for the administration of archaeological zones in Mexico, particularly in the states of Yucatán, Campeche and Quintana Roo (Maya region). Given the rapid economic growth of the Southeastern región of Mexico, evidenced by the constant increase in GDP and per capita market, as a result of huge capital investments and megaprojects proposed by the government in the Mayan region, it is necesaary to put in place and implement a comprehensive and sustainable form of administration for the cultural and archaeological heritage. The analysis and identification of key components for the public policy is based on the principles of sustainability for both cultural and natural heritage. The ideal policy should be well-founded on an organized society, comprised of companies with public participation at state level, who in collaboration with the civil society and the local community will administer a cluster of archaeological sites within their influence zone, endowing them with the required infrastructure and oversee sustainable cultural tourism. The analysis seeks to answer four key questions: Where are we? Where are we going? Where do we want to be? And how do we get there? We are looking at a policy that has clear goals, objectives and concrete actions and strategies that cover: 1) Comprehensive plan, 2) Regional plan, 3) Land use plan – master plan, 4) Cultural tourism plan which covers ecotourism and nature based tourism, art centers, museums and monuments. The resource management plan should cover aspects like: 1) disaster planning, 2) operations and marketing, 3) interpretation, 4) budgetary issues and 5) financing. The implications of such a policy lies in the strengthening of regional and local federalism, transparency, accountability, anti-corruption, corporate governance and alignment with the planning of sustainable cultural tourism development.
Keywords: Sustainable public policy, comprehensive administration, Mayan region, cultural heritage, archeological heritage.
PAPER 10
Dr. Olìmpia Niglio
Bio
Olimpia Niglio, architect, specialized in Restoration of
Architecture, Master in Management of Art and Cultural Heritage, PhD in Conservation of Architectural Heritage, began her academic activity in Pisa and then moved to Colombia and since 2012 to Japan at the University of Kyoto, thus building a cultural bridge over the Pacific and connecting the Far East with the Far West, as evidenced by her numerous publications. She is Vice President of the Seoul-based Asian Cultural Landscape Association and Vice President of ICOMOS PRERICO (France).
Abstract
Cultural Heritage is the community: A path of transcultural humanization between Culture and Ethics.
The 19th century marked the beginning of social classes, the 20th century was asphyxiated by capitalist logic, now we hope that the 21st century will go down in history as the Century of Culture. Three “Cs” that allow us to reflect on the important values of existence and sustainability. In the Encyclical “Fratelli tutti” of Pope Francis, a very important geopolitical document affirms that today […] the cultural penetration of a kind of “deconstructionism” is noticed, where human freedom tries to build everything from scratch. It only leaves standing the need to consume without limits and the accentuation of many forms of individualism without content […]. This point is very important to reflect on the value of our past and the role it plays to build the future well. That is why we need to restore to the center the meaning of Cultural Heritage, mirror, reflection of the Communities. And who is the Community? And what is the role of Culture and Ethics in the long journey of the life of a Community? How does all this help to achieve equitable well-being? The purpose of the presentation is to analyze these concerns and to open an intercultural dialogue in order to initiate a path of transcultural humanization ending in the sustainability and well-being of life in “our common home”.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Community, Transcultural Humanization, Ethics.
PAPER 11
Dr. Fernando Enseñat-Soberanis
Bio
Dr. Enseñat’s research interests focus on the tourist use of cultural and natural heritage, the impacts that excess visitors generate on the sites, as well as the strategies to mitigate them. He has proposed and published a visitor flow management model that seeks to minimize the negative impacts of massive visits to archaeological sites through the application of 3 sets of strategies: 1) Restrictive Strategies, 2) Redistributed Strategies and 3) Interpretive Strategies. The former seeks to establish maximum visitors based on the conservation of the archaeological asset and the quality of the visitor experience. The latter seek to redistribute visitor flows in time and space, concentrating or dispersing them; and the interpretative ones seek to transmit the heritage values of the site and change the visitor’s behavior. This model arises from the review and analysis of more than 96 visitor management measures applied in archaeological sites around the world and has been validated with interviews with managers of archaeological sites such as Machupicchu, which represents an example of good practices in the management of the visitor.
Currently, Dr. Enseñat works on the development of quality indicators and standards for the visitor’s experience in archaeological zones and cenotes of the Yucatán peninsula as a key mechanism to operationalize sustainability in tourism. He has published several articles in magazines such as the Journal of Heritage Tourism, the Journal of Ecotourism and Cuadernos de Turismo. He is graduated from University of Quebec at Montreal (UQÀM), Canada with a Master in Tourism Management and Planning. Currently he work as a professor and researcher at the Undergraduate Program in Tourism at the Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan (UADY), Mexico.
Abstract
Crowding perception at the archaeological site of Tulum, Mexico: a key indicator for sustainable cultural tourism.
Determining and managing excessive amounts of visitors has been one of the most ways to apply the principles of sustainable development to tourism. Overuse of natural or cultural resources has effects on two main elements: the resource itself and the visitor experience. However, it has been little applied to cultural or archaeological sites. Crowding is the negative evaluation of the density of people in a specific site and its assessment allows for limitations on the maximum number of people that visitors expect to see at the same time in a specific place. Crowding perception is a visitor quality indicator for a more sustainable cultural tourism.
Since the 1990´s, cultural tourism has become an important part of the mass tourism market, evolving from low-volume, high income, and more educated tourists to high-volume, low-income, and less educated ones. The archaeological site of Tulum is a short 2 hours drive from Cancun and is located within the seaside resort of the Riviera Maya on the Mexican Caribbean. The rapid tourism development of the region, the geographical location, and the beauty of its landscape has caused the number of visitors at Tulum to increase exponentially since 2000. To record the standards of crowding, normative theory and the visual method were applied through the return potential model (RPM), as suggested by Jackson (1966). RPM evaluates the acceptance of a social group towards a given behavior. A quantitative questionnaire was designed based on a 9-point scale (from -4 to +4) developed by Heberlein and Vase (1977). Results show that visitor acceptability decreases as the number of people increase. International visitors are less tolerant to crowding as they show the most restrictive acceptable level of people at the same time at the archaeological site. Findings also confirm that crowding perception is a good indicator to evaluate the visitor experience and help to improve the operationalization of sustainable tourism at cultural sites.
Key words: Visitor management; heritage tourism; Tulum; indicators and standards; carrying capacity
PAPER 12
Dr. Adolfo Iván Batún Alpuche
Bio
Dr. Iván Batún has a degree in Anthropological Sciences from the University Autónoma de Yucatán, Master in Archeology from the University of Florida in Gainesville and Dr. in Anthropology with a specialty in resource management Cultural by the University of Florida. Dr. Batún is Research Professor Holder B of the Universidad de Oriente, in Valladolid, Yucatán, and professor Research Associate at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. his experience in the management of cultural resources and research has been developed in archaeological sites of Yucatán and Quintana Roo, in Mexico, and in the State of Florida in the United States of America. He currently directs in Yucatán the educational-cultural project “PACECCY”, focused on the assessment and preservation of the Cenotes and the Mayan Aquifer, sponsored by the National Geographic.
Abstract
Moving Mexican Archeology towards a Democratic Practice: Archaeologists Without Borders of the Mayan World.
Mexican archaeology was formally institutionalized at the national level in 1939 with the creation of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH). In 1972, INAH became an agency of the federal government through a federal law protecting artistic and historic monuments and archaeological zones. Since 1972, all archaeological works, sites, monuments and artifacts are in charge of the Mexican federal government. This 1972 federal law also established that it is illegal to damage, transport, buy and sale any archaeological object or monument. Nevertheless, as all archaeological related activities in Mexico are overseen by the federal government through INAH, it is impossible for this single institute, with its reduced budget, to properly care for the enormous amount of archaeological heritage in the country. The “Archaeologists without Borders of the Maya World” is an NGO comprised of archaeologists, lawyers, anthropologists and others, dedicated to the preservation of Mayan archaeological heritage. In reviewing the 1972 heritage law, the “Archaeologists without Borders of the Maya world” discovered clauses that allow social organizations, such as NGOs, to partner with INAH under “adjuvancy,” a poorly understood tool used by local investigators. This NGO have been analyzing the pro and cons of the archaeological practice in Mexico, an experience of seeking a more participatory practice of archaeology in the Mayan region of Mexico, implementation of strategies, such as “adjuvancy”, for greater management and research of archaeological resources. Achieving our goal of creating a sustainable cultural heritage paradigm complete with regulations, standards, enforcement and local participation.
Keywords: Mexican Archeology, Management of Archeology, Legal and political issues, Mexico.
PAPER 13
Dr. Enrique Alvarez
Bio
Although since he was a child he dreamed of being a historian or archaeologist, José Enrique Alvarez Estrada is a Mechanical Engineer, a Master in Computer Science and a Doctor of Education. Since 2003 he has worked as a Full Time Professor / Researcher at the Universidad del Caribe, where he has served as Head of the Department of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Coordinator of the Master’s Degree in Information Visualization and Coordinator of the Graduate System. He is currently a member of the Academic Body of Education and Society (CAESO). As an entrepreneur, in 2005 he founded and was Director of New Technologies of Perpetuum Mobile S.A. de C.V., a company that developed various high-tech projects in the state of Quintana Roo. He is currently launching a new startup called Heterodoxia, focused on converting data into information and knowledge through techniques such as data and text mining, analytics and business intelligence.
Among others, he has been a speaker at TEDx Cancun and Fuckup Nights, spreading technological and scientific topics related to: Free Software, Mathematics Didactics, Programming Didactics, Didactic Robotics, Reverse Engineering, Cryptography and Cryptanalysis. All of them topics related to his line of research, Computational Thinking.
But instead of as a technician, an engineer or a scientist, Doctor Alvarez prefers to think that he is an artist who expresses his art in the invisible warp of electronic threads.
Myriam López
Bio
PhD candidate in education, graduated from the Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering at the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, from the career of Systems Administrator Engineer, the Master’s Degree in Administration Sciences with a specialty in Relations Industrial Her teaching experience dates back more than twenty-five years at the intermediate, higher and master level, in various prestigious private and governmental institutions; and in face-to-face and online modality, in the areas of engineering, administration, computing and systems, as well as entrepreneurship. She held the post of Postgraduate Coordinator at the Inter-American University for Development, Cancun headquarters and later at the same institution, that of Liaison Coordinator; After that, she was the Commercial Coordinator in Services and Food Bistro, a company dedicated to the supply of hotels and restaurants in the city of Cancun. She has worked in the area of business training, providing her services as a trainer in different companies. In the area of entrepreneurship, she began the project of incubating her own company, concluding with this process at the Technological University of Cancun, obtaining access to federal and state resources. In partnership with other people, she started Nortek Teleconstrucción, SA de CV, a company in the Telecommunications industry, providing services to companies in the industry (Axtel, Telcel, etc.). He is currently a full-time Research Professor at the Universidad Tecnológica de Cancún and a subject professor at the Universidad Anáhuac and the Universidad del Caribe.
Abstract
Towards the conversion of Cancun into a Creative City.
Like many other integrally planned tourist centers (in fact, like many industrial cities, planned or not), during its first phase Cancun served several purposes, including bringing economic resources to the Mexican economy in times of frank depression, and generating a great volume of jobs for people with very low training, most of which came from other areas of the country. But 50 years after its foundation, and with a level of economic growth (but above all population) well above the most optimistic expectations of its planners, the city is at a crossroads. Those pioneers who occupied the low-skilled jobs offered by the tourism industry, already have children (including grandchildren) with training at the bachelor’s and postgraduate level, both in the various Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) that the city already has, as in different places in the country and abroad. This new generation of “Cancunenses” (in fact, the first generation of natives) is no longer satisfied with the jobs that satisfied their parents: they demand economic diversification and dynamism above those offered by simple tourism. They want to practice their careers as engineers, scientists, lawyers, plastic artists and interpreters … in short, all those professions that are now grouped under the category of creatives. The city, the state and the nation as a whole have been overwhelmed and unable to meet this demand, largely because they lack a theoretical model that allows strategic planning to be directed towards this new direction. Framed in a perspective of systems dynamics, this work presents a possible model, based on the ideas of the creative city and creative class of researcher Richard Florida, which is expected to remedy the deficiencies present, fill the expectations of the new population of Cancun and outline a More sustainable future from the environmental, social and economic perspectives.
Keywords: Creative cities, urbanization, conservation, Cancun
PAPER 14
Luis David Balderas Domínguez
Bio
He is currently a Masters Degree student in Business Administration in the Logistics Area, with specialty in courses such as Microcomputer operator, Food and beverage chef, Biological chemistry and Innovation and entrepreneurship. He has taken online courses (MOOC) in business innovation, quality and competitiveness, history of daily life, internet search and citation models, the ingredients of Mexico for the world, management skills, leadership and emotional intelligence, nutrigenomics , digital narrative, Communication and culture in Spain, Socio-emotional skills, Administration of SMEs, among others.
He has collaborated in research projects such as Comparison of warehouse operation in public and private sector universities and in the Development of sustainable organic gardens in the northwestern part of the State of Quintana Roo, Promotion of the gastronomic identity of Puerto Morelos in Quintana Roo through tourism, a project carried out from the results of the XXIII summer Delfín, and winner of a silver star at the IMPACTA 2018 symposium with the project A look at Quintana Roo through its kitchen.
He has participated as a speaker in symposia, forums and meetings and participated in the XXV edition of the Dolphin Summer in digital form, as well as he is a member of REMTUR, and participated in the Seventh meeting of young researchers organized by COQCYT.
His publications are based on traditional recipes of Solferino Q. Roo replacing the protein with dehydrated jackfruit. Promotion of the gastronomic identity of Puerto Morelos in Quintana Roo through tourism. And Cultural elements of the tradition of the Day of the Dead in Pomuch Campeche, from a gastronomic approach. Also, A look at Quintana Roo through your kitchen as a feasibility study through the gastronomy of Quintana Roo for the empowerment of women in rural areas. He won the State Awards for Science, Technology and Innovation Recognition 2020.
Laura de Guadalupe Vázquez Paz
Bio
Master in Gastronomy, from the Universidad de Oriente, Valladolid Yucatán, with a Specialty in Management and innovation in the Gastronomic industry and Bachelor’s Degree in Gastronomy from the Universidad del Caribe in Cancún Q. Roo. Full-time Researcher Professor “C” at the Technological University of Cancun (UTC), with 12 years of experience in Higher Level Teaching and as Chef instructor. She belongs to the Academic Body of Gastronomy “Regional Culture” and responsible for the Research line “Gastronomic Heritage”. It has the recognition of Desirable Profile granted by PRODEP, it belongs to the State System of Researchers COQCYT, it is part of the Interinstitutional Program for the Strengthening of Research and Postgraduate Studies of the Pacific DELFIN as an advisor for the training of young researchers.
She is a member of the REMTUR Network of Multidisciplinary Tourism Studies and the CECTURMD Center for the Evaluation of Tourism Market Capabilities for Development. As well as author and co-author of papers resulting from research work in National and International Colloquia and Congresses, articles in peer-reviewed and indexed journals and book chapters with ISBN and ISSN.
She has directed degree work at the Bachelor and Higher University Technician level during his stay at UT Cancún. He has made the description of the Culinary Heritage of Quintana Roo, its Islands and the Mayan area of the north and south of the state, as well as the documentation of the culinary heritage of the native of the coastal area and the community of José María Morelos. Currently working for the project “Gastronomic tourism development model” in order to promote rural gastronomic tourism in Quintana Roo for the livelihood of families in marginalized communities. She collaborates with the Autonomous University of Hidalgo with interdisciplinary studies for the preservation of pre-Hispanic cooking techniques “Underground cooking” with whom an article on the Gastronomic.
Yolanda Daza Roldán
Bio
Current PhD student in economic-administrative sciences, in UCI Mexico. Master in Psychology and Family Counseling by the Institute of Studies Superiors of Tamaulipas. She has a degree in Public Accounting from the National Polytechnic Institute, ESCA Tepepan. Degree in Business Administration from the Universidad Veracruzana. She holds Diploma in Human Development from IESDI, Tamaulipas, diploma in Methodological Tools for Technological Training of Monterrey and diploma in financial culture I and II from CONDUSEF.
She is a full-time Titular “C” Research Professor at the University Tecnológica de Cancún. She belongs to the UTC Gastronomic Heritage Research line. She has a PRODEP profile. Active member of the Center for the Evaluation of Tourism Capabilities in the Market for Development, CECTURM-D. She is a member of the Board of Researchers of the Delfín 2020 Program and a member of the REMTUR Network. She is author and co-author of papers resulting from research work in national conferences, articles in refereed journals and chapters of book with ISBN.
Abstract
Knowing Quintana Roo´s gastronomy based on smoke kitchen model.
The smoke kitchen as a tourist model for the dignity and empowerment of women who inhabit the communities and small towns of the state of Quintana Roo. Based on the prevailing need to reduce poverty rates in the state. Likewise, infer an adequate kitchen formula that promotes regional gastronomic identity, since this typology of cultural heritage is linked to experience, being able to enjoy the native food of the state. (Carrillo, J. and Vazquez, L., 2018) It should be noted that the main representatives, broadcasters and transmitters of gastronomy are women, usually housewives. For this reason, a methodology was designed based on the qualitative approach based on the ethnographic method, which allows us to understand the behavioral patterns of a society. In the first instance, a gastronomic laboratory is proposed for the university and later projected as a tourist product with which income is generated for the communities, aimed at people who seek to enjoy cultural and experiential tourism. Similarly, this smoke cooker model project is aimed at meeting the 2030 agenda, which is made up of 17 objectives and 169 goals, of which this project is directly aligned with six objectives, indirectly impacting on the fulfillment of all the others. In the same way, a summary of the results obtained by the line of research in five years of work is presented, as well as the division of the state’s gastronomy according to the characteristics that make up the gastronomic region.
Keywords: Rural areas, smoke cooking, native gastronomy and sustainability.
PAPER 15
Zelmy Mariza Carrillo Góngora
Bio
She is a Research Professor at the Universidad de Oriente, has worked in excavation and restoration of pre-Hispanic buildings as part of the Chichén project in several field seasons. He has participated in INAH archaeological rescues and salvages, analysis of ceramic materials from different sites, participation in logistics and museography of the Tiholop Yucatán Community Museum. He is currently doing an academic stay at the Faculty of Anthropology (UADY) analyzing the ceramic material from Chichen Itzá Yucatán.
Dr. Lázaro Hilario Tuz Chi
Bio
He is a Senior Researcher Professor at the Universidad de Oriente in Valladolid Yucatán, he has carried out research and publications related to indigenous youth, Mayan identity and worldview, conceptions of death, cultural heritage and rights of native peoples. He is a member of the National System of Researchers Level 1.
Abstract
Community museum and Mayan people. The right to custody of their cultural heritage.
Since time immemorial, native peoples have sought to preserve their material and intangible heritage values from a genuine knowledge of their history, while ensuring that their ancestors’ legacy is revitalized as part of their identity and de facto knowledge of its origin. Given this, it is necessary to propose new protection strategies for this heritage that leads to an effective preservation of its legacy. This proposal seeks to present the legal strategies that the native peoples must and can use for an objective care of their historical and archaeological legacy. The right to this protection is promptly guaranteed in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States; but above all it is emphasized even more internationally through the International Covenant on Social and Cultural Economic Rights, of the Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man; the Charter of the Organization of American States, the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Declaration No. 169 of the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the United Nations on the rights of indigenous peoples, as well as the Convention on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries. However, national and state policies sometimes limit the effective protection of community heritage values such as the intervention of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) responsible for the Safeguarding of these assets and even the state cultural institutions who sometimes do not know the international policies signed by Mexico, which allow the safeguarding of the cultural heritage by the inhabitants of the original communities. Under this act, the new policies to protect the heritage of the original peoples must seek recognition of community autonomy with regard to their heritage. This proposal presents a model of legal protection that allows the safeguarding of material heritage through community museums, but above all the effective protection of archeological and historical remains among the same inhabitants of the Mayan villages, in this case the community museum of Tiholop in Yucatan Mexico.
Keywords: Community museums, Maya, Cultural Heritage, Cultural Heritage Management
PAPER 16
Katherine Ort
Bio
As a student at Washington State University, she completed his capstone studies in December 2018. Katherine has been working with Archaeologists without Borders since 2016.
She wrote her undergraduate thesis about sustainability in the tourism and heritage fields, and performed her research in Quintana Roo and Yucatan, working directly with our organization.
She has a degree in Environmental Studies, and is currently furthering her research in the sustainability and tourism fields. Her current area of interest is in shaping sustainable behaviors and choices using social media and other means of communication.
Abstract
Strategic Use of Social Media in Mexico’s Cultural Heritage Management.
Travel, tourism and heritage are very much intertwined. Similarly, social media has played an ever-increasing role in the travel and tourism business in the last two decades. Currently world heritage sites in the Riviera Maya struggle with a few key problems such as over tourism, underinvestment, lack of infrastructure, lack of funding, etc. Many of these problems stem from the management of these sites. While tourist behavior is most directly influenced by laws or guidelines put in place by local and federal governments, much tourist behavior is increasingly influenced by social media. The travel industry overall has embraced this change, as it has led to more tourists, and led to an increase in overall revenue from tourism. However, those who are concerned about long-term sustainability are wary of the overtourism and misinformation that social media can bring, and have sought to mitigate the popularity that has been brought about by the “influencer culture”. While some have proposed that academics stay away from social media as a means to disseminate information, many governments have taken strategic advantage of influencers to manage tourism. Managers of heritage should be more strategically involved in the management of social media, so as to more directly influence tourist behavior, and help educate visitors regarding the importance of sustainable behaviors.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Social Media, Cultural Heritage Management.
PAPER 17
Dr Leticia Pérez Castellanos
Bio
Leticia Pérez, professor and Coordinator of the Post Graduate Studies Program in Museology at ENCRyM, INAH, in México. Previously she worked as the Sub-director of International Exhibitions at INAH´s National Museum Coordination. Her masters thesis was an analysis of INAH’s cultural policy on international exhibition exchanges. She is currently an Editorial coordinator of the digital series Studies on publics and museums.
Treats issues about museum ethics to inform visitors when they are displaying replicas, the difference between originals and copies, the possibility of whether an uninformed visitor could tell if an object is original or not, the possibilities of interacting or not with artworks depending on each case.
Abstract
The National Museum of Anthropology takes to the streets.
Museums play a central role in research, conservation and dissemination of heritage, very important tasks for society to appropriate and value it. However, its scope may be limited if we compare it with the mass media or when we observe that the profiles of its audiences do not represent the diversity of our societies, leaving large sectors of the population relegated. What to do? Some museums have taken their activities further, implementing extramural museum practices as a strategy of social inclusion. Such was the case of the National Museum of Anthropology (MNA) that met urban populations settled on the periphery of Mexico City in the 1970s. How were interests negotiated and balanced for the dissemination of National Heritage and local needs? What were the challenges to “integrate” the museum into the communities? What did the MNA bring to these populations – largely constituted by migrants from the countryside to the city? And what did they return to the practice of the museum? In my presentation I will characterize these types of practices and show their scope and limitations in the search for fairer societies.
Keywords: Heritage Management, Research and Conservation, Mexico
PAPER 18
Dr Daniel Dante Saucedo Segami
Bio
Daniel D. Saucedo Segami is associate professor at the College of Policy Science of Ritsumeikan University, Japan. He is an archaeology major by the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, master in sociocultural studies by Okayama University and obtained his PhD. in Cultural Studies at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies – SOKENDAI. His research interests include Public Archaeology, Andean Archaeology, Japanese Archaeology, and the Japanese Immigration to Peru.
Currently, he is directing the Public Archaeology Program “Huacas de La Molina” in Lima, Peru. This program includes several research projects about the archaeology and history of La Molina district and their relationship with the present. Also, as a member of the Japanese Archaeological Mission to the Andes, he collaborates with planning and carrying out of Public Archaeology projects with local communities, mainly for the Pacopampa Archaeological Project in Cajamarca. In 2015 he received the Research Award for his doctoral dissertation from the Graduate University for Advanced Studies – SOKENDAI, and in 2017 he was awarded the Recognition for Peruvians Abroad from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Peru.
Abstract
Public archaeology and heritage in Peru: social memory as a tool to connect the past and the present.
As an archaeologist, a common request from local communities where I have worked is that they want their archaeological sites to be opened for tourism. Because In countries like Peru, sites like Machu Picchu and the Nazca Lines receive each year an increasing number of tourists, the idea that tourism can help boost local economies is widespread. However, not all archaeological sites can be oriented to tourism. Most sites usually lack the monumentality to attract tourists, or they simply are far away from tourist routes. Moreover, in cities or towns where tourists arrive, problems arise because of a sudden increase on inhabitants in that area.
If we do not use archaeological sites as tourist attractions, what can we do with them? In late years, I have been participating in two archaeological projects that aim to revalorize archaeological sites as cultural resources by supporting activities related to the social memory of the surrounding population. In this paper, I would like to introduce these two cases, La Molina Public Archaeology Project and the Pacopampa Archaeological Project, in order to discuss the possibilities of social memory as a tool to improve the relationship between local population and archaeological sites.
Keywords: Public Archaeology, Heritage, Memory, Peru
DAY 2
PAPER 19
Jebunnessa Chapola 
Bio
Jebunnessa Chapola is a feminist researcher, singer, cultural performer, community radio host, community activist, and community volunteer. Born and raised in Bangladesh, she mother of three young girls. She attended postsecondary institutions in Bangladesh, Sweden, and Norway, and is currently pursuing her Ph.D. in women and gender studies at the University of Saskatchewan. She is passionate and committed to working with newcomer immigrants, and Indigenous communities around the globe to learn about Indigenous ways of knowing. She received the provincial Betty Szuchewycz Award in 2015 for multicultural work. She is the winner of the 2015 CBC future 40 for community leadership, social activism, and volunteerism.
She is also the winner of the 2016 Gail Appel Global Citizenship Award (ISSAC, U of S). She also became the winner of the Graduate Students #39; Association (GSA), U of S, 2017 Excellence in Community Service Award.
Abstract
Learning from Indigenous Heritage: A Framework of Immigrant Women Artists’ Building Bridges
This presentation is based on a Community-based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) and an autoethnographic study, focusing on learning about Indigenous heritage and building bridges by the immigrant women artists using community radio programmes. In this presentation, I explore how the radio program has metamorphosed from a community program for immigrant artists to a program learning about Indigenous heritage learning, decolonization and to learn how to build the bridge with Indigenous communities. Canada has a colonized history, and this resonates with many newcomer immigrants as to what happened in their homelands. This study showcases how learning about Indigenous heritage can help immigrant artists to understand the decolonization process. Following CBPAR and autobiography methodologies, I used my the community radio program as my research method. The community radio shows also taught some basic Indigenous language and cultural teachings, introduced with many Indigenous Elders, leaders, knowledge keepers, and activists. The learning from Indigenous heritage has created opportunities to bridge the gap between Indigenous and newcomer immigrant women artists. Keywords: community-based participatory action research, auto-ethnography, informal learning spaces, Indigenous heritage learning, decolonization, community radio, immigrant women community artists.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Indigenous Heritage, Immigrant Women Artists
PAPER 20
Cecilia del Socorro Medina Martin
Bio
She has a degree in Anthropological Sciences with a specialty in archeology from the Faculty of Anthropological Sciences, with a Specialization and Master’s Degree in Skeletal Anthropology from the Autonomous University of Yucatán (UADY). She is a full-time research professor in the Alternative Tourism career at the Mayan Intercultural University of Quintana Roo, teaching Archeology, Heritage, History and Regional Culture subjects. She has extensive participation with presentations at national and international conferences, author of several articles and chapters in books on heritage, archeology and related topics.
David Eulogio Tamayo Torres
Bio
Master in Business Planning and Regional Development from the Technological Institute of Mérida and Bachelor of Alternative Tourism from the Mayan Intercultural University of Quintana Roo. With professional experience as a zip line guide in the Maya Lost Mayan Kingdom theme park and teacher at institutions such as the Southern Regional Technological University, the Puebla University Institute and currently at the Intercultural Maya University of Quintana Roo. He has participated in consultancies and as a collaborator in various projects, the most recent called La Ruta de la Guerra de Castas. Main areas of interest for community tourism, sustainable development, ecotourism and adventure tourism.
Fredi Reynaldo Un Noh
Dr Margarita de Abril Navarro Favela
Bio
Originally from Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo. She has a degree in Tourism Business Administration from the Technological Institute of Mérida and a Master in Social Sciences applied to regional studies.
Since July 16, 2009, she has been working at the UIMQROO as a Full-time Professor-Researcher and obtained her Ph.D. degree in Educational Sciences in June 2015. She currently works as Head of the Department of Sustainable Development and is the Head of the Corps Academic of Sustainable Tourism and Interculturality. In 2019 she obtained the Recognition as Outstanding Quintana Roo Woman 2019 in the tourism field and is a Candidate for the CONACYT National System of Researchers.
Abstract
Heritage as an accessible tourist product.
Heritage management involves the participation of government, institutions and society, which allow the socio-cultural benefit of the people (UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity, Article 3), that is why this work presents the analysis of involvement in economic, spatial and temporal accessibility, prior to the commercialization of a community heritage tourism product, to establish appropriate strategies for destination planning. Accessibility goes beyond adapting physical spaces for its transit, it is necessary to consider the appropriate interpretation for all types of public. Accessibility is a complex, multivariable concept, so cultural indicators designed in categories are used, which allow information to be collected in an objective, rigorous and relevant manner. The techniques used were ethnographic: Participatory Action research, participant observation (IAP), and document review. As a result, the disadvantages of community groups were identified in the face of competition with other tourist typologies, lack of: specialists who design a corporate identity, infrastructure, marketing strategies and adequate spaces for accessible tourism, access to information on web platforms and training, as well as ignorance of management. Participation at all three levels (government, institutions and society) is necessary as an accessibility strategy for rural cultural products to achieve regional growth.
Keywords: Accessibility, heritage, tourism, resource, tourism product
PAPER 21
Dr. Eva L. Martínez
Bio
Graduated in History from the National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Master in Anthropology with a specialty in Archeology from Northern Illinois University and a PhD in Anthropology with a specialty in Archeology from the University of Pittsburgh. Her research topics include studies on processes related to social organization, complexity and inequality in antiquity; pre-Hispanic settlement patterns; production, distribution and consumption of ceramics in pre-Hispanic, colonial and republican periods; public and community archeology; and management of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Her academic interests are reflected in national and international publications. She is a professor in the Department of Anthropology of UNAH and Chief of Cultural Heritage of the Honduran Institute of Anthropology and History (IHAH).
Participates in national and regional research groups (Research Group: Identification, education and management of Cultural Landscapes in Honduras for local development-UNAH and the Red Reflejos que Enlazan: Production, distribution and exchange of pyrite mirrors in Mesoamerica and southern Central America-University of Costa Rica). She has been director and co-director of archaeological research projects in various regions of the country, with an emphasis on archaeological research in eastern Honduras. She has a UNESCO certification as a facilitator and member of the network of specialists in the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage. Eva is a member of the Editorial Committee of the International Journal of Intangible Heritage.
Abstract
Resilience from cultural heritage: lessons of traditional knowledge for conservation in Copan, Honduras.
History has shown us that cultural heritage can be fragile. How in other countries of the world the anthropic and natural factors have caused disasters that have profoundly impacted the lives of communities in Honduras, including their cultural heritage. Whether due to the development of urban, road or tourist infrastructure projects, cultural heritage has been put at risk when the possible repercussions of these activities on expressions of material or intangible cultural heritage are not adequately evaluated. But History has also taught us that cultural heritage forms the basis of local and national identities, as well as the source of knowledge and lessons that promote the conservation and safeguarding of ancient and contemporary cultural attributes. Taking as a case study the archaeological site of Copán, we will present conservation and risk management initiatives based on the recognition of traditional knowledge, together with the archaeological studies of the area.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Traditional knowledge, Cultural Heritage Conservation, Risk Management in heritage sites
PAPER 22
Phd Candidate Mohamed Chaouf
Bio
PhD research student, majoring in Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Arts and Human sciences IBN TOFAIL, Kenitra.Morocco. He holds a Master’s degree holder in Sociology, Faculty of Arts Mohamed V,Rabat.Morocco. Also, holds a Bachelor’s degree holder in Sociology, majoring in Social Work from Faculty of Arts IBN ZOHR, Agadir, Morocco. He is also a Teacher of philosophy at High School, Directorate of Tata,Souss-Massa Academy, Morocco.
Some of his publications are: A scientific essay about: Good people in Bani Region: A study of the rituals of visitation and blessing. ‘Jil Journal’ of Human and Social Sciences, Issue 12. A scientific essay about: Social Work and the Arab Child: a study in the representations of the social worker about the beneficiary / child in a difficult situation. Within the collective book: Sociological Approaches to the Arab Child, Coordination: Dr. Tohamy Mohamed, Social Empowerment, published by Laboratory Publications, University of Ammar Telegi Laghouat, Algeria. He has also written on Social Welfare Institutions in Morocco: From a Charitable Approach to Professional Intervention and Self-empowerment (Case Study), under publication in the book the works of the International Conference on Orphan Care and Empowerment of Widows organized in Turkey in November 2020. And also, published the traditional social and political structures of the Tata oases through the journey of Charles de Foucauld, under publication in the collective book: Margins in the History of Morocco, the Royal Institute for Amazigh Culture. He is the President of the Oasis Center for Studies, Research and Development.
Dr. Amina El Mekaoui
Bio
Contact Chair, at the Regional Research Center, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Social Sciences Unit, with the project: “Towards new social policies for the sustainable development of the energy sector in Yucatán”. She is Professor of Sociology and Anthropology at the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat. Morocco. She is a member of the scientific council of the Chair of the Mexican feminist philosopher, Graciela Hierro in Morocco. And she is an active member of the General Authority of the Arab Council for Social Sciences in Lebanon
She has a degree in Sociology from the Mohammed V University, Rabat. Morocco. Master in Social Anthropology from the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa. Master in Family Sociology. Mohammed V University, Rabat. Morocco and PhD in Social Anthropology from the Iztapalapa Metropolitan Autonomous University.
International migration, development issues and renewable energies are considered one of the most important areas of the researcher’s interest. From her most important recent publication we list the following two articles:
✓ An analysis of social resistance and marginalization towards the ban on plastic bags in the informal sector popular markets in Rabat, Morocco
✓ Sustainability, Sociocultural Challenges, and New Power of Capitalism for Renewable Energy Megaprojects in an Indigenous Mayan Community of Mexico.
PAPER 23
Carlos Rudi Larios Villalta
Bio
He is an architect and restorer by the University of San Carlos de Guatemala. Studies in Archeology at the University of Pennsylvania and Diploma in Archaeological Analysis and Publishing Techniques from the University of Pennsylvania. He is Professor Honoris Causa by the Faculty of Humanities at the University of San Carlos de Guatemala. He has been a researcher at the Institute of Anthropology and History of Guatemala and was director of the Tikal National Park.
He has also directed restoration projects in Copán, Honduras, Belize and Mexico, as well as collaborated with teams and missions from Japan, National Geographic and the Getty Institute. His work has won awards from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (EMMY) as an outstanding individual achievement.
He recently collaborated with Harvard University for a publication of the Copán Acropolis Project together with Dr. William Fash.
Abstract
Environment and sustainable conservation of pre-Hispanic architecture.
Archaeological research has been basic to get to understand and value with justice the cultural significance of our pre-Hispanic heritage; Some places like Uaxactun, Tikal and Yaxhá in Guatemala, plus Copan in Honduras, are places of learning, both in terms of research methodology and in its exposure to tourism and its conservation within a natural environment. The mentioned sites and others in the Mayan area, gave us the opportunity to analyze the methodology of research, restoration and exposure to tourism, but mainly, they have given us the opportunity to observe the deterioration behavior in relation to the environment. We learned that the conservation of architectural monuments not only needs respectful restoration that does not falsify the restored object, but also that buildings must remain in a stable natural environment, minimizing extreme changes in temperature, sunstroke humidity, etc. The experience of R. Larios and his photographs taken for more than half a century, show that deforestation favors weathering and accelerates the deterioration of old materials. On the contrary, a stable environment provided by the jungle effectively helps conserve. In conclusion, no project that seeks to value an archeological site can be the domain of a single profession, sustainable conservation must become a common goal of anthropologists, archaeologists, restorers, conservators, forestry experts, communities, journalists, politicians, etc. The experience and example acquired in Copán, Honduras, has shown that a multidisciplinary project has excellent results when the purpose is to conserve cultural heritage and nature in a sustainable way.
Keywords: Environment, sustainability, sustainable conservation, pre-Hispanic architecture.
PAPER 24
Dr. José Israel Herrera
Bio
Ph.D. José Israel Herrera (Mexico) has a PhD from the University of Amsterdam in Human Rights and Legal Anthropology, a Master in Sciences in Social Anthropology and a Law degree. Since January 2013 he is member of the Mexican National Research System (SNI) Level 1. He has been professor of different universities in Mexico and abroad. His areas of interes are, human and indigenous rights, cultural development, youth and migration. Currently he is a Fulla Time researcher at the Center of Legal Research of the Autonomous University of Campeche, Mexico.
Abstract
Is there room for private investment in cultural heritage in Mexico?
One of the areas over which Mexican legislation has had a paradigmatic relationship has been the regulation around the cultural heritage of cultural heritage in Mexico. This legislation has sometimes been permeated by opportunistic archaic mindsets or by situations that mostly make the view of private investment as an enemy institution that far from assisting in the development of this heritage is made to plunder the country and strip it. This work will analyze the role of legislation in Mexico around cultural heritage by analyzing whether it is aligned to international standards.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Heritage Management, Private investment in Heritage Management, Mexico.
PAPER 25
Cielo María Ávila López
Bio
Graduated in Law and Master in Law with an option in Constitutional Procedure and Amparo, from the Faculty of Law of the Autonomous University of Yucatán (UADY) and Doctor in Social Sciences from the aforementioned house of studies.
She has served as Head of Department and Coordinator of various sections (2008-2015), of the Technical Secretariat of the State Institute for Access to Public Information of the State of Yucatán (INAIP).
She is the author and co-author, respectively, of the following publications: “Economic-environmental theories and their link with the social dimension of sustainability in Protected Natural Areas”. Revista CienciaUAT, 2018, 13 (1), p. 108-122 and “Realities and Pending Issues in the Scientific Research in Natural Protected Areas in Mexico”. In: Mexican Natural Resources Management and Biodiversity Conservation. Springer, Cham, 2018. p. 555-572.
She was the recipient of the third national place in the 10th Prize for Research on Civil Society, awarded by the Mexican Center for Philanthropy (CEMEFI) and the Anahuac University, in the Master’s category with the Thesis: “The Principle of Strict Law and Substitution of the Complaint on Access to Information ”(2014).
She currently works as a teacher at the Marist University of Mérida and the National School of Higher Studies (ENES), and a consulting lawyer.
PAPER 26
Dr. Edith Onkoba
Bio
Edith N. Onkoba is a heritage researcher based in Mombasa Kenya. She holds undergraduate and graduate degrees in Business Administration and Project Planning and Management. Currently she is in the processing of enrolling into the PhD degree in heritage management. Her interests are in business side of heritage and especially on the sustainable use of heritage for the benefit of both the community and the heritage itself. She is also interested in understanding the role that women play in the conservation of heritage. She has published a number of papers both in heritage and business.
Abstract
Heritage for community benefit: Case of Shimoni Caves, Southern Kenya coast.
Community heritage resources are the physical elements that make each community what it is. They are the tangible embodiments of intangible historical, cultural, aesthetic and social values. They are the things which give a town/region its particular sense of time and place. They are the cultural expressions of what place is. Heritage conservation therefore, is about management of these elements for the benefit of present and future generations- is about management of continuity within a context of change. Heritage planning however has to take place within an overall community planning system. In a community heritage planning, one has to take a lead and the overall role of the leaded is to coordinate and facilitate the process, to encourage community involvement and to ensure community consensus. The leader has to make sure that there is shared responsibility that reflects the strengths of the various participating groups. This paper tries to show how the National Museums of Kenya has managed to apply these principles in the Shimoni village of the southern Kenya coast. By taking a lead and allowing the community to manage its resources for its own benefit, the NMK has enabled the local community to appreciate the need of conserving and preserving their heritage. This in turn has led to sustainable community livelihoods that in turn has led to a sustainable conservation.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Community, Heritage Conservation, Kenya.
PAPER 27
Claudia María Quintanilla González
Bio
Guatemalan professional, with a Bachelor’s Degree in Archeology from the University of San Carlos de Guatemala, a Master’s Degree in Cultural and Heritage Management from the Rafael Landívar University and studies in museology.
She is a researcher on topics related to bioarcheology, mainly at the Cancuen archaeological site and has recently been involved in topics related to Guatemalan industrial heritage and colonial archeology.
Currently, she is a professor of the courses of: Research Seminar II, from where research on topics related to bioarcheology and Guatemalan cultural heritage is promoted and promoted; Introduction to Physical Anthropology and teacher of Cabinet Practices with different materials; all courses from the area of Archeology at the School of History of the University of San Carlos de Guatemala.
Abstract
Reflections on archeology, conservation, Guatemalan cultural heritage and its management models.
This presentation aims to raise awareness of the different efforts that communities have given to their cultural heritage (tangible and intangible) and how, from the heritage itself, it has been a lever and an engine of development for their communities in some cases, their social circles and the involvement of different sectors from different educational levels and cultural management models. From the archaeological perspective, it reviews and invites reflection on the technical research carried out on archeological sites and their impact and legacy on nearby communities. The main case to be presented will be the work carried out by the Río Negro community, located in the Chixoy River channel, in the municipality of Rabinal, of the Department of Baja Verapaz, Guatemala; complementing with some examples of community management in places of the South Coast and of cases of sites under the shelter and management of state institutions.
Keywords: Archeology, conservation, cultural heritage management models, Guatemala
PAPER 28
Jane Osei
Bio
Jane Osei is a female Ghanaian who holds a Master of Philosophy degree in Public Administration, with a thesis focusing on Green Economy and Climate Change Adaptation. Until recently, Jane worked as an Intern at the Operations Department of The Africa Capacity Building Foundation, where she was particularly involved in research, administration and project management. She also worked as a Research and Teaching Assistant at the University of Ghana Business School and the University of Ghana Centre for Climate Change and Sustainability Studies; where she was actively involved in different research works, project management, teaching, and administration. Jane is currently an Associate Consultant with Cicardan Consulting, a private consultancy firm based in Ghana.
Jane has ample theoretical and practical experience in both qualitative and quantitative research. Practically, she has worked with Private Enterprise Federation (PEF) Ghana where she was involved in research advocacy, field data collection and supervision, evaluation of government policies on the private sector and presenting of research findings to donor agencies. Jane’s research interest is in the field of sustainable development strategies, corporate social responsibility, international businesses, and Sustainable Development Goals, innovation, environmental management, climate change, and informal sector development. While research and programs administration are her prime interests, Jane’s interests in travel and nature, reading and singing help her maintain a sense of perspective in life.
Abstract
The nexus between cultural heritage and gender equality: towards the achievement of the sustainable development goals in Africa.
Purpose: This paper establishes the relationship between cultural heritage and women empowerment in Africa towards the achievement of the SDG 5. It assesses the impact of cultural practices on women in Africa and explores opportunities for cultural heritage towards the achievement of SDG 5.
Design/methodology: In establishing this relationship, an extensive review of literature was conducted within the context of cultural heritage and gender equality. The phrases gender equality, sustainable development, culture, cultural heritage, women empowerment were among the phrases used to search data in popular academic databases like ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, Springer, Tailor and Francis, Google Scholar and Sage among others.
Findings: The key findings of the research indicate of the research indicates that cultural heritage presents intrinsic opportunities for women empowerment. Some key challenges identified include limited data and reliable research; gender disparities in accessing higher education, decision-making roles and earnings; and strict financial and societal structures that restricts women’s economic opportunities and empowerment.
Research implications: The paper provides a clear justification that culture is an opportunity for female empowerment in Africa and also recommend areas women can explore within the space of cultural heritage to foster sustainability. The paper provides relevant information to researchers who are interested but have limited knowledge in the area. It also emphasizes further research areas.
Keywords: Cultural, Heritage, Women, Empowerment, Sustainable Development.
PAPER 29
Dr. Kennedy Obombo Magio
Bio
Dr. Magio holds a PhD. in Tourism Management, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente (UAdeO), Mexico. Currently, he serves as a CONACYT Research Fellow at Tecnológico Nacional de México / Instituto Tecnológico de Cancún. He is also a distinguished member of the National System of Researchers in México (SNI 1). His research interest is largely focused on sustainable tourism in the Mexican Caribbean: green forms of tourism, policy and governance, tourism impacts, regional development and destination management, with over 30 publications in leading peer reviewed international tourism journals, government reports, books, book chapters, and monographs. He has been awarded several scholarships and research grants to contribute to tourism knowledge, including his current research fellowship, a National PhD. Excellence Award by the Mexican Academy for Tourism Research (AMIT) and the International Institute of Peace through Tourism (IIPT) Scholarship Award for the Best Paper. He has undertaken a number of consultancies/collaborations for public and private sector tourism organizations within Mexico including the Ministry of Tourism (Secretaría de Turismo) and for international agencies, including the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), the German Agency for International Cooperation and Development (GIZ) and the Center for Responsible Travel (CREST), Washington D.C, where he participate as a member of the Academic Affiliate Program. magiobombo@gmail.com
Dr. Liz Miller
Bio
Liz Miller is the co-founder of Pure Growth Innovations and a circular economy researcher at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. She has dedicated her life to approaching the human side of sustainability from a variety of angles, from making a documentary film about the quality-of-life impacts of waste to using human-centered design to assess sustainable tourism potential in Uxuxubí, Mexico to building an AI-enabled chatbot that brings sexual health information to Kenyan teens. She has also worked at an urban sustainability think tank in Chicago, and she was a talent in the 2017 global UNLEASH innovation summit. Liz believes that tourism must respect local cultures and spread financial benefits in order to be a positive force for sustainable development.
Liz holds a Master of Science in Economics and Business Administration with a concentration in Creative Sustainability from Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. She also holds a Bachelor of Arts in Radio/Television/Film from Northwestern University with minor studies in environmental policy and sociology.
Abstract
Sustainable tourism as a driving force for cultural heritage management.
Strategies for the management of cultural heritage resources within a sustainable development concept framework are examined. It is argued that sustainability principles relating to community participation, planning for minimal environmental impact and equal distribution of benefits are critical for cultural heritage resource management. The paper illustrates this relevance by exploring and drawing out production and consumption indicators of cultural heritage resources in both their tangible and intangible composition. It is also argued that participation principles of sustainable development are more applicable as a point of departure towards integration of sustainability into cultural heritage resource management as communities are carriers and immediate custodians of cultural resources in most countries. Conservation processes that set limits of acceptable change for resource use are suggested within a modified framework that links community interaction with cultural resources at both social and resource management levels.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Sustainable Tourism, Cultural Heritage Management.